Health

Health can be defined as a state of complete physical, mental, emotional and social well-being. There are various aspects of health including, physical health, mental health, social health, emotional health, and spiritual health.

Physical health can be simply understood as a state in which all of the body organs are functioning well while mental health is a state of well-being that allows an individual to reach his/her true potential and contribute to the society.

Physical fitness is good bodily health , and comes as a result of proper diet, regular exercise , and proper rest.

However, good health is quite difficult to define as compared to bad health which is simply the absence of disease.

An individual’s health is determined by several factors: medical care, behavioral choices, and social circumstances.

Health care

Natural health is based on prevention, and keeping the body and mind in good shape. Proper health lies in balancing various aspects within the body through a regimen of exercise, diet, and regulation of emotions.

Exercise
Physical exercise is essential for maintenance of physical fitness and overall health. Aerobic exercises such as walking, jogging, running and swimming promote physical well-being.
Proper rest and recovery are important to health just like exercise.
Diet
According to research, aspects of lifestyle such as diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption affects health and longevity.
A balanced diet is composed of a mixture of main nutrients-protein, fats, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins.
Stress is a major factor in the state of an individual’s health and wellness.
Overall, health is maintained and improved through the advancement and application of health science and through the effort and intelligent lifestyle choices of an individual.
Optimal health is generally a balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual and intellectual health. Therefore we must focus on our own health and strive for a healthy world in all its facets.

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Lung cancer

Lung cancer also referred as pulmonary carcinoma or carcinoma of the lung; characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If not treated, the growth can spread by the process of metastasis to nearby tissue and other parts of the body.

TYPES OF LUNG CANCER.
Small Cell Lung Cancer; makes up to about 15-20% of all cases of lung cancer. It’s a type of neuroendocrine tumor; cells are smaller in size than other cancer cells. It’s fast-growing cancer that spreads rapidly to other body parts.
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer; making up for about 80-85% of all cases of lung cancer. It grows and spreads much more slowly than the small cell lung cancer. Also staged based on the size of the primary tumor and if and whereby cancer spreads in stages; phase I, phase II, phase III, and phase IV.
Lung Carcinoid tumor; fewer than 5% of lung cancers. Also referred as neuroendocrine lung tumors. It’s a tumor which forms in hormone-releasing cells. The hormones deliver the messages to the organs, and the neuroendocrine tumors creates an overabundance of the hormones, that causes symptoms not found in other cancers.
CAUSES;
Smoking (active and passive smoking) of cigarettes, shisha.
Exposure to pollution, for instance near industries emitting harmful gasses.
Radioactive materials such as radon when breathed may lead to lung cancer.
Lack of appetite, weakness and weight loss.
Clubbing fingers.
High calcium level in the blood.
Reduced red blood cells.
SYMPTOMS;
Prolonged coughing.
Hemoptysis, blood in sputum.
Dyspnea, shortness of breath.
Wheezing (due to difficulties in breathing)
Pain chest
PREVENTION.
Avoid smoking.
Taking healthy diets.
Regular exercise, lower the risk of not only developing lung cancer but also other types of cancer.
TREATMENT;
Treatment mainly depends on the kind of cancer, how fast it spreads and general health of the patient.
Early diagnosis, whereby the cancerous cells confirmed to a small area, surgery is usually recommended to eliminate the affected area of the lung.
In case surgery is unsuitable due to the general health, radiotherapy is preferred whereby it destroys the cancerous cells.
But if cancer has spread at a fast rate where neither surgery nor radiotherapy can be effective, chemotherapy is usually used instead.

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DNA

What is DNA

The initials DNA stand for Deoxyribonucleic acid, and it refers to a molecule which carries most of the genetic information used in the reproduction, functioning and development of living organisms and certain viruses.

Composition

As the name suggests, this molecule comprises of a nucleic acid, along with carbohydrates and proteins. These acids compose the 3 major macro-molecules essential for all known life forms.

Structure

Most DNA molecules consist of two bipolymer stands coiled around each other forming a double helix. These two strands are known as polynucleotides due to the fact they are composed of simpler units known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen-containing nucleobase, either cytosine, guanine, adenine or thymine. These nucleobases are the essential sites where biological information is stored in genetic codes.

How DNA carries information

DNA normally occurs in eukaryotes as linear chromosomes and in prokaryotes as circular chromosomes. The set of chromosomes present in a cell makes up its genome, with the human genome having approximately 3 billion base pairs arranged in 46 chromosomes. The information carried is normally held in pieces of sequence called genes. For genetic information to be transmitted in a gene, the bases have to be paired. The pairing often involves adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. There are two ways via which information can be transmitted in a gene. First, when a cell uses the information in a gene, the DNA sequence is copied into a complimentary RNA nucleotides, and then the copy used to make a matching protein sequence through a process called translation. Alternatively, a cell may simply copy its genetic information through a process called DNA replication.

Importance of DNA

The first importance is of course heredity. In this regard, DNA has been used in the legal and medical fields to determine the paternity of a child.
DNA is also used in the early diagnosis of diseases, thereby providing for a pathway to formulate drugs to treat these diseases, as well as prescribe treatment early enough.
It is also a crucial element in the field of forensic science and agriculture, where it's used to determine the criminal culpability of suspects and controlling breeding respectively.

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Bones Health

oBlow31 The body contains many bones. Bones play all kinds of roles within the body. They give structure, anchor muscles and protect organs. For a healthy body, good bone health is a must. There are a few steps we can take for good bone health.

The Importance of Bone Health.

Healthy bones is important because they are changing all the time. Once a new bone has developed, the old one breaks down. Bone mass begins to stop at the age of thirty. They will then continue to remodel.

What Affects The Health Of Bones?

There are many things that could affect the health of our bones. These include:

Calcium.

Low calcium tends to diminish the density of our bones. If we lose bones early, they will be more likely to get fractures. It is good to make sure we have the right amount of calcium.

Physical Activity.
If an individual is not very active, they will likely get osteoporosis. To prevent this, always do some form of physical activity each day.
Alcohol and Tobacco.
These weaken the bones. It has also been said if you have more than a couple of drinks of alcohol each day, you will get osteoporosis. This is because alcohol stops the body in getting enough calcium.
How To Get Healthy Bones?
To get healthier bones, there are a few things you can do. This includes:
Increasing Calcium Intake.
Always be sure to get a good amount of calcium every day. Everybody will need to have a different amount of calcium.
Get Exercise.
Exercises causes the muscles to pull on the bones. This causes bones to grow. Exercise give the bones greater density. They also get stronger.
Sunshine.
For good bone health the right amount of vitamin D is important. It will adjust the calcium already in our blood. It will also make the bones stronger.

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Headache

What is Headache?

Headache refers to a pain arising from the head or upper neck of the body. The pain caused by headache can vary from being mild and dull, to being sharp, throbbing, constant, intermittent or intense. This pain normally originates from the tissues and structures that surround the brain or the skull, since the brain itself has no pain fibers.

Classification
Headaches can be classified into the following categories;
Primary headache - These include migraines, tension headaches and cluster headaches. Tension headache is the most common type of all headaches and it’s more prevalent in women than in men, with an overall prevalence rate of 1 out of 20 people. Migraines are the second most common, and are prevalent around puberty, though more women than men are affected even after puberty. Cluster headache is the third most common, and it normally affects most men in their early 20s.
Secondary headache - These headaches are caused by underlying structural problems in the head or neck, such as infected teeth, substance abuse, sinus infection, encephalitis, meningitis or cerebral hemorrhage.
Cranial neuralgia - These refer to headaches caused by nerve pains in the cranium.

Causes of Tension Headache
Being the most common types of headache, the cause of tension headaches remain unknown, though there is a strong indication that they could be caused by physical or emotional stress that cause contraction of muscles that cover the skull.

Symptoms of Tension Headache
The symptoms are generally pain-based, and they include the following;
-Pain in the form of a band-like tightness or pressure that begins in the back of the head or upper neck.
-The pain is not normally associated with other symptoms like nausea and vomiting.
-The pain may vary in intensity and is often sporadic.

Treatment of Tension Headache
The first form of treatment for tension headaches is taking of medication that alleviates pain. Most of the pain relievers for tension headache can be obtained over the counter.
If no improvement is registered, then the next line of treatment targets the underlying cause, such as stress therapy for those who are emotionally stressed.

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Heart Health

Individuals get to be aware of heart health for a wide range of reasons. There are three fundamental things you can do to enhance heart health. These are things that anybody can do, and every one of the three things will probably be suggested by your specialist. It would be ideal if you remember that these things are not a swap for prescription if your specialist trusts medicine is essential, yet rather more protection measures from any extra issues happening.

Diet
To begin with, you need to cut down or cut red meat. This can be troublesome for some individuals, however it is essential. Red meat is high in fats and cholesterol. Rather, eat more pork, chicken, turkey, and fish. Ground turkey or ground chicken is a fantastic swap for ground hamburger in dishes like spaghetti or tacos. You can likewise utilize soy items to offer you some assistance with getting free of red meat. Some soy items taste simply like a succulent ground sirloin sandwich, so these are incredible when you have a longing that recently won't stop.

You ought to be eating all the more whole grains, as this lowers cholesterol. You ought to be eating more leafy foods, as this will control your glucose and still fulfill your sugar desires.

Exercise
You have likely additionally heard that you have to work out, yet you may not see how this impacts heart well-being. Oxygen consuming activity, or cardio activity, is activity that raises your heart rate and breathing rate. Cardio is extraordinary for fortifying the heart, and ought to be finished by everybody no less than thirty minutes for each day three days for each week, least. Cardio activity incorporates running, swimming, bicycling, playing a few games, and machines, for example, the treadmill and curved.

Supplements
There are numerous supplements you can take that will enhance heart well-being. Fish oil specifically will significantly lessen cholesterol, without decreasing great cholesterol levels. Likewise, you can take flax seed to enhance general heart health and dissemination. Expanding fiber and niacin levels in your blood through the utilization of supplements can likewise enhance your heart health. In the event that you have any questions about which supplements to utilize, ensure you check with your specialist before beginning anything new.

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The Liver Health

The liver is undoubtedly the largest organ in the body and possibly the organ that performs most functions. Your liver functions as a blood filter, it produces bile that digests fat, stores glucose and also releases the glucoses for muscle activity and other functions. The liver also acts as a detoxifier eliminating medications and toxins from the blood.

All these tasks are performed by the liver, this means liver health is important because a diseased liver equals a diseased body because of accumulation of toxins.The liver is an organ in the body and your whole body needs a healthy diet and an orderly life to keep it in good health. First, you need to have enough rest. This is because your liver provides the chemical energy for your muscles, if your muscles are resting then the liver also rests. Physical rest is important especially when the liver is burdened by a type of disorder.
The most ideal diet for the liver is taking a light and nutritious diet that gives the liver little work. Try as much as possible to eliminate highly processed foods, eat foods in their natural state, avoid pastries, refined sugars instead eat complex carbohydrates like tubers and whole grains. Eat foods without extra artificial additives that are also low in fat and with moderate protein content.
Drinking alcohol is one of the primary causes of liver disorder, cirrhosis. Ethyl alcohol needs to be removed as soon as possible from the body or else it stays in the blood for days destroying neurons and the liver. Did you know that only 10% of all the alcohol consumed is eliminated through the breath and urine? The other 90% is eliminated through the liver. Alcohol consumption overburdens the liver and as a result leads to liver disorders. When it comes to alcohol, its not enough to reduce the amount you usually consume, you need to completely stop consuming alcohol.
Viral diseases like hepatitis B or C also damage the liver and are transmitted through bodily fluids. Hepatitis transmission can be prevented by simple guidelines. Do not reuse or share syringes and personal items like razor blades, toothbrush and nail clippers. Getting tattoos and piercings also present a risk of contracting hepatitis, sexual contact with a stranger who has the virus also transmits the virus.

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